Melanoma
Red hair is the rarest natural color in humans. The color is due to mutations in a gene called MC1R. This article discusses the genetic and biological red hair.
Skin and hair color are determined by a pigment called melanin. There are two main types: eumelanin, which is brown-black, and phaeomelanin which is a sort of reddish brown. A person with red hair have a greater amount of pheomelanin than eumelanin.
The melanin in the skin contributes to tolerance of UV rays of the sun, but people with light skin lacks melanin rate necessary to prevent UV-induced DNA damage. Studies have shown that the alleles in red hair and freckles bed ability.It MC1R increase decrease was noted that Europeans who are heterozygous for red hair show increased sensitivity to UV.
The sun can be both good and bad for the health of a person and the different alleles of MC1R represent these adaptations. It was also shown that people with light skin are particularly sensitive to a number of skin cancer melanoma, basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.Due sensitivity of many were invited to wear red protection Sun
Parents have both a race and a mutated version of the MC1R gene they can be carriers and there is a probability of 1 / 4 of them with a child who has red hair.The characters and does not work that way. They are not dependent on what came before. This means that every child has a 25% chance of having red hair.
Red hair works a bit differently than other colors. pigment pheomelanin is important here and MCR1 operation is the gene that controls.
For people with two normal copies of MCR1, pheomelanin production is suppressed and color is what other genes dictate: black, brown or blond.
When an abnormal gene MCR1 the pheomelanin overruns, which gives a red color to everything. In fact, there are nine known varieties MCR1 abnormal, none of these can combine to affect hair color.
When this comes into play, the interaction between the color red with other hair colors have different shades of red. Thurs altered genes MCR1 often deep red, except when high levels of cover-black eumelanin. A change does MCR1 pheomelanin enough to dye her hair blonde Strawberry Blonde, but usually not enough to overcome the visually black or brown.
MCR1 red hair variants are also related to characteristics that freckles, pale skin, inability to tan and even resistance to anesthesia.
The increased sensitivity to sunlight and pain
Redheads tend to have greater sensitivity to UV radiation to generate enough vitamin D in low sunlight climates, but an increased susceptibility to skin cancer in areas with lots of sunlight. Skinned increases a person's ability to retain heat, providing added value in low sunlight climates.
The hormone responsible for red hair, pheomelanin also stimulates brain receptors for pain, especially pain and temperature from hot to cold
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